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Chase XCG-20
The Chase XCG-20, also known as the XG-20 and by the company designation MS-8 Avitruc,〔Gunston 1980, p. 170.〕 was a large assault glider developed immediately after World War II by the Chase Aircraft Company for the United States Air Force, and was the largest glider ever built in the United States. The XG-20 did not see production due to a change in USAF requirements, however, it was modified into the successful Fairchild C-123 Provider twin-engined transport aircraft which saw extensive service in the Vietnam War.〔
==Design and development==
Following the end of World War II, the United States Army Air Forces, which became the United States Air Force (USAF) in 1948, developed a requirement for a new, large assault glider type to replace smaller types that were then in service, all existing gliders having been declared obsolete.〔Noetzel 1992, p.27.〕 The new gliders were to be constructed entirely of metal, and were also required to be easily adaptable to a powered configuration.〔 As part of a five-year development program,〔 a contract was awarded to the Chase Aircraft Company of Trenton, New Jersey, in August 1946 for the construction of two types of gliders.〔 These included a smaller model being designated XCG-18A, and the larger, definitive model being designated XCG-20.〔Pattillo 2000, p.165.〕
The XCG-20, redesignated XG-20 in 1948 with the establishment of the USAF, was the largest glider ever constructed in the United States, and the last combat glider to be built for the U.S. military.〔Sergievsky et al. 1998, p.128〕 It featured a high-mounted wing and retractable tricycle landing gear, with an auxiliary power unit supplied hydraulic power to the landing gear and flaps.〔 The nose section was reinforced to provide optimal protection to the pilots in the event of a crash on landing, and to allow for the strongest possible towing connection.〔Adcock 1992, p.4.〕 The cargo hold was long and wide;〔 it featured an innovative configuration, the rear fuselage being upswept with an integrated loading ramp.〔 This allowed vehicles to be driven directly on and off of the aircraft, speeding loading and unloading times.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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